RIFASTINE
Description
Description
Description:
Rifaximin is a broad-spectrum, non-absorbable antibiotic primarily used to treat gastrointestinal infections. It acts locally in the gut and is minimally absorbed into the bloodstream, making it a safe and effective choice for targeted therapy.
Mechanism of Action:
Rifaximin inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis by binding to the ?-subunit of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, resulting in suppression of bacterial growth.
Advantages:
- Minimal systemic absorption
- Low risk of bacterial resistance
- Well-tolerated with few side effects
- Ideal for long-term gut-specific therapy
Indications:
- Hepatic Encephalopathy: Reduces the risk of recurrence by lowering ammonia-producing gut bacteria.
- Traveler’s Diarrhea: Effective against Escherichia coli (E. coli)-related diarrhea.
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea (IBS-D): Helps improve symptoms by modifying gut flora.
Dosage of Rifaximin:
| Indication | Dosage |
|---|---|
| Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) | 550 mg twice daily |
| Traveler’s Diarrhea | 200 mg three times daily for 3 days |
| IBS-D (Irritable Bowel Syndrome – Diarrhea dominant) | 550 mg three times daily for 14 days |
Note: Dosage may vary based on clinical judgment. Always follow the prescribing physician’s advice.
Rare but Serious Side Effects:
- Hypersensitivity reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
- C. difficile-associated diarrhea
- Liver function changes (in hepatic patients)
Rifaximin is generally well tolerated due to its minimal systemic absorption.
